Meeting Demand for Apple iPhones in the Global Mobile Market - 1650 Words

Meeting Demand for Apple iPhones in the Global Mobile Market (Research Paper Sample) Content: Meeting Demand for Apple iPhones in the Global Mobile MarketNameInstructorCourseDateIntroduction Apple Inc. is a technological company dealing in a variety of products such as mobile phones, accessories, computers and laptops, music ,stores, and softwares. It has been in the technological industry for quite some time, led by its then legendary CEO, Steve Jobs. His demise, as expected, resulted to a change in guard at the helm, with Tim Cook taking the mantle. The initial speculation and uncertainty that encompassed Jobs demise has been well dealt with, by the able leadership of Cook (Lashinsky, 2011).The mobile phone market is very large consisting of a few large players which include Apple, Samsung, Huawei, Xiaomi and Lenovo. In this report we are looking at how Apple met its consumer demand for the IPhone 6. At the end of the fourth quarter of 2014, Apple had a market share of 19.7% of the world Smartphone market (IDC, 2014). Apple mobile phone includes the use of t he internet and multimedia services. It is an intelligent phone which integrates network, audio, and multimedia. In the first quarter of 2012, the number of global mobile terminal users was increased by 39 million and the growth increment was the best since the company started its operations. The growth of mobile terminal users across the globe is inseparable from the high-speed expansion of the domestic intelligent phone market. In the mobile internet era, driven by market demand, the terminal merchants improve their own product line layout, and the operators of terminal also input spare no effort, intelligent phone sales show explosive growth trend, and the market gradually develops on large-scale basis. The major challenge which Apple faces is meeting the large demand for their IPhones. Apples supply chain model is not very complex and uses a producer driven approach to meet demand. It consists of 5 stages namely sourcing, manufacturing, warehousing, distribution and return. Thi s paper mainly analyzes the market the marketing strategy of the world famous mobile phone brand Apple. Based on the growth stage of intelligent phone market, Apples iphone marketing model and marketing strategy are analyzed. Through the analysis of the present situation and marketing strategy of the Apple mobile phone, the paper points out the problems that Apple Inc. face in the domestic and global marketing.Management Style and StructureApple Inc., like any other company, has its own management hierarchy and corporate structure that ensures efficiency within its ranks. It is headed by the CEO, currently Tim Cook, and then has a Board, shareholders and finally the employees. However, the distinctive organizational structure observed in this setup is quite contrary to the management technique in place. The employees, for example, are provided with ample free time in order to increase not only their productivity, but also make them love the Apple brand. This enhances loyalty to the cause of the company. The CEO is answerable to the board and the shareholders, who act to regulate him (Hamel, 2011).Supply ChainApple's supply chain model is unmistakable from numerous others in the mobile phone and gadget technology sector. It is organized to give the organization most extreme perceivability and, vitally, control over the configuration and make-up of its items, even down to the minutest parts. After some time, the business has tried to build its control over its production network by putting resources into the assembling of its own parts and submitting substantial development requests to secure key supplies where required. In the latest advancement, Apple has gone on a professionals spending spree in Asia to enlist architects and store network administrators who may have the capacity to accelerate its item improvement.Expansion Strategy.The company has employed two main methods to increase its influence; joint ventures and acquisition. Joint venture is where a com pany decides to undertake a specific business with another company. The terms for such an agreement are all inclusive, encompassing profit or loss share. In joint ventures, apple usually takes up service provision such as consultancy, training or technical support. Acquisition is whereby a company fully takes over another company or a section of another company into its own control. Apple employs this strategy in order to maintain and further develop a competitive advantage (DailyFinance, 2010).Production planning from forecasting Apple sources raw material from a variety of countries that is United States, China, other Asian countries and Europe. They then ship these raw materials to China where the IPhone is then assembled. From there, the IPhones are shipped to consumers who buy IPhones from Apples online store, and for other distribution the IPhones are shipped to Apples only warehouse in California from where the IPhones are distributed to retail stores, their direct sales force and wholesalers. It is true beyond any reasonable doubt that Apples brand marketing and innovation has helped the company to become an icon in terms of innovation and marketing (IDC, 2014). Apple has received lots of criticisms for pricing of its products, system integrations, and its consistency with leaving old hardware obsolete. Despite the fact that the company has received such criticisms from the public, at the end of the day, everyone will still ask what Apple does for it to continue succeeding and overtake its competitors ((IDC, 2014). The key factor for Apples success in the global market is its innovation. Upon its launch of iphone in 2006, the company was not trying to compete or copy from any other company since by that time there was none. Since then, every other company that used to distribute hardware that had different features from those produced by Apple had to follow suit purposely to beat Apple in its own game. Today, such companies have only contributed to a small dent on Apples prosperity. The competition has always between Apple Inc. and the rest. Even though Apple is yet to take control of Smartphone industry, it is true beyond any reasonable doubt that Apple is the father of most smart phones that are currently in the market (Apple, 2014). The second key factor for Apples success is the style that it uses in designing its products, especially iPhones. Every product that bears Apples logo is termed to be a product designed with the highest quality and precision than its competitors in the Smartphone industry. The company designs its iPhones in the most simple and user friendly way. Even the simplicity of the product may not be appealing to everyone, but the professional user and the common user will always like the simplicity used in the design. Therefore, the attractive design of the product is an important factor (Examiner.com, 2013). The third factor that has helped Apple to increase the demand of iPhones in the global mark et is quality customer service (Examiner.com, 2013). Customer service may look like an odd factor in this case, but it still remains a fact that just walking into any Apple retail store is a huge advantage (Apple, 2014). A customer may walk into a retail store but without any intention of buying anything, but will walk out more satisfied with kind of knowledge he will have gathered about the iPhones in the store. Good customer service plays an important in creating customer loyalty. Physical logistics At the end of the fourth quarter of 2014, Apple had a market share of 19.7% of the world Smartphone market (IDC, 2014). The major challenge which Apple faces is meeting the large demand for their IPhones. Apples supply chain model is not very complex and uses a producer driven approach to meet demand. It consists of 5 stages namely sourcing, manufacturing, warehousing, distribution and return. Apple sources raw material from a variety of countries that is United States, Chin a, other Asian countries and Europe. They then ship these raw materials to China where the IPhone is then assembled. From there, the IPhones are shipped to consumers who buy IPhones from Apples online store, and for other distribution the IPhones are shipped to Apples only warehouse in California from where the IPhones are distributed to retail stores, their direct sales force and wholesalers. The supply chain network also handles returns by consumers which handles returns on warranty, Apples trade in program and recycle/reuse program (SupplyChainOpz, 2013). Apples IPhone targets a variety of customers, from adults to every member of the family, business people who use various applications available on the IPhone and it serves as an entertainment device for younger kids (Prezi, 2013). The IPhone has little variety on the different types; they include the IPhone 6 which comes with different memory size of 16 GB, 64 GB and 128 GB. The IPhone 6 plus has a slightly larger screen size an d comes with the same variety of memory as the IPhone 6. Apples top three business characteristics which helped the company become successful are; innovation, style and customer service (Examiner.com, 2013). Just after the launch of the IPhone 6 and IPhone 6 plus, Apple sold an incredible 10 million units just 3 days after the launch (Apple, 2014), in order to meet these sales volume apple were running 100 production lines 24/7, 200,000 workers dedicated to the production of the IPhone 6 and 6 plus producing a total of 540,000 units daily of which 140,000 were IPhone 6 plus and 400,000 were IPhone 6 (Lovejoy, 2014). One of their main issues was to meet the demand apple had and this caused long lead times from when a phone was ordered and when it was delivered (Hughes, 2014).Future opportunities and challe...

How to Write a Sample Why Med Essay

<h1>How to Write a Sample Why Med Essay</h1><p>It can be a troublesome undertaking to compose an example why and article in case you're not used to composing papers of this sort. Be that as it may, by learning a couple of stunts and tips, it is conceivable to make the procedure a lot simpler. By following these tips, it will be a lot simpler for you to compose your paper and you will have composed something that is unmistakably more significant than the vast majority realize.</p><p></p><p>The first tip on the best way to compose an example why medications article is to ensure that you are making the exposition individual. You will find that you will battle with composing this kind of paper all the more regularly in the event that you are not close to home and you will likewise battle to think of fascinating thoughts in the event that you don't get yourself engaged with the article. You need to truly attempt to get as near you own concept of w hat you are attempting to state in your exposition. Obviously, when you attempt to expound on yourself, it can turn out to be very clear that you are not so much ready to place yourself into the essay.</p><p></p><p>The second tip is to ensure that you make yourself to be as expressive as conceivable in your exposition. You will find that when you attempt to make your exposition individual, this makes it a lot simpler for you to make an intricate thought. Obviously, when you put yourself in your paper, this makes it significantly simpler for you to impart to the peruser and you will find that you will think of an unpredictable thought that is extremely simple to understand.</p><p></p><p>The third tip on the best way to compose an example why medications article is to ensure that you hold it to a straightforward point. You would prefer not to attempt to make it too muddled in light of the fact that you will wind up stuck where you won't have the option to advance. Obviously, you will be enticed to add more words to your paper when you are in this circumstance, however you should avoid this since you will find that it won't help you to be as imaginative as you might want to be.</p><p></p><p>The fourth tip on the most proficient method to compose an example why medications exposition is to ensure that you think about your subject regarding humor. You will find that when you use humor, you will have the option to think of a larger number of thoughts that are unquestionably more intriguing than you would ordinarily have the option to concoct. You will find that you can think of a great deal of thoughts when you use humor in your essay.</p><p></p><p>The fifth tip on the most proficient method to compose an example why medications exposition is to ensure that you keep your paper as short as could reasonably be expected. Obviously, when you do this, you will have the option to think of a great deal of thoughts without stressing over utilizing a ton of words in your exposition. Obviously, on the off chance that you need to utilize an excessive number of words, you will most likely be unable to think of a fascinating essay.</p><p></p><p>The 6th tip on the best way to compose an example why medications paper is to ensure that you stay away from word games in your exposition. Obviously, this will be a slip-up that many individuals make since they feel that they can think of entertaining sentences in their article. At the point when you commit this error, you will find that you will wind up with an article that is exceptionally hard to peruse and understand.</p><p></p><p>The seventh tip on the most proficient method to compose an example why prescription paper is to ensure that you think of an alternate style of exposition each time you compose your article. Obviously, you will find that you will need to chang e the way that you compose when you don't know of how to compose a why and paper. Obviously, you will need to follow this as long as possible to perceive how you will have the option to think of a wide range of sorts of essays.</p>

Two Friends Come Together

Two Friends Come TogetherTom Sawyer and Huck Finn, two colleagues at the New England School of Citing specifically, have come to speak to different sides of a coin. You will take note of that they are on inverse sides of the fence as far as the topic of independence versus community. What's more, they share the sentiment that harmony and love are best sought after all alone terms.One of the significant reasons why this article is composed is a result of the issue which the two people feel. Regardless of their various perspectives, they are battling to discover the exit from the circumstance that they have made. The general purpose of this is independence and community regularly neutralize each other.Nevertheless, it would show up as though them two could have found a shared factor to be found in the core of the individuals who helped them in their experiences. It would appear as though there may be a part of real consideration to be found in Huck Finn and his companion Tom Sawyer.In different words, they appear to share an esteem for all the legends who have carried on with an actual existence loaded with superb deeds. The two men appear to respect the decency of others. They ought to at any rate have the option to see the positive qualities in their general surroundings. Albeit them two have fallen into a similar circumstance that carried them to where they are today, their relationship explore paper subjects would show that they need each other.Tom and Huck may seem to have no issues with regards to this, however it appears as though both of them are inseparably connected. The fellowship among Tom and Huck can be viewed as something other than a social one, in spite of the fact that they could absolutely appear that route at times.The companionship between these two's subjects could be considered as adoration. Love, to those up to date, is an inclination which is for the most part to be had in private. It doesn't take into consideration love to be enjoyed ope n situations.Tom and Huck speak to different sides of a coin. They are legends, who lived commendable lives as they continued looking for companionship and harmony.

International Relations Research Paper Topics That You Should Know

International Relations Research Paper Topics That You Should KnowFor students in the international relations field, there are certain study guides that they can use to help them prepare for the classes. These study guides, also known as textbooks, come with different topics on them. Each topic is quite unique. This article will discuss some of the topics you can use when preparing for international relations.One of the first international relations research paper topics that students often use is the idea of 'emerging economies'. This means that a country that has been on the path to developing such as Brazil or China, may have seen their way to develop. By studying these emerging economies, it may be easier for a student to relate to these countries because they themselves had to go through the same process.The other way to look at this idea is to view it as an extension of the development process. Instead of looking at the countries that were not able to advance as quickly as othe r countries, you could look at the ones that were still in the developmental process. By understanding that they have been through this process, it is easier for students to understand the process that other countries went through.Another way to take advantage of the majors major global financial crisis to examine developing countries is by studying their potential to join the world economy. If a country has yet to join the world, it may not be able to develop the same way that other countries do. It may only be able to make incremental improvements, but for the United States, it can already help get these countries a little ahead.Strategic alliances are a topic that comes up quite a bit. There are many different alliances that a country can form with other countries around the world. These are formed for the purpose of extending the country's influence and security. Such alliances can be formed to meet a common goal or they can be formed to counter an enemy.Additionally, the United States is often represented in the non-state actors. These are the small non-state actors that are acting in the world today. When a country is actively involved in the world, it can serve as a symbol for other countries that they need to pay attention to.Leadership is another important topic to take into consideration. In college, you may have heard a professor discussing leaders and their traits. As an international relations student, you will need to learn the traits of the leaders that you are working with and their priorities.There are many reasons why this particular perspective can be helpful. First, when you take a look at the countries that are following international trends, it can be easier to see how they can relate to the countries that are experiencing a change. Second, it will be easier for students to connect with the leaders of these countries.

Tips For Success In College Essay Writing

<h1>Tips For Success In College Essay Writing</h1><p>When it goes to the objectives for accomplishment in school that you can set for yourself, a few objectives will be more troublesome than others. You may wind up in a position where you have a particular objective you have to meet or a specific evaluation you have to accomplish. Regardless of what your conditions are, you are going to need to utilize school articles tests to assist you with getting over your feelings of trepidation and get into the following period of your life.</p><p></p><p>The primary thought behind these examples is to show that you are set up to take on school assignments. Rather than simply taking on an enormous undertaking and not realizing how to compose, you will figure out how to compose and find out about the fundamental strides of composing a fruitful exposition. Rather than fearing posing inquiries, you will have the option to address them when you have to. Util izing tests encourages you get over any feelings of trepidation you may have and assist you with the remainder of your composing skills.</p><p></p><p>You will find that with these examples, you will improve your composing abilities by a considerable amount. The more elevated level of rivalry that universities give will surely improve your composing aptitudes too. You will find that you need to make a special effort to improve your composing aptitudes when you don't get the evaluations you need, which will make you be intimidated.</p><p></p><p>Instead of allowing that to occur, you will have the option to take a gander at a couple of instances of papers and discover a point that you like. At that point you will comprehend what to expound on and you won't be scared by the subject. You will at that point have the option to feel free to compose the paper in a considerably more sure manner.</p><p></p><p>After you hav e composed the paper, you will find that you don't have to stress over corrections. The best thing about these school papers tests is that they have just been tried and have been affirmed by most schools. You won't need to stress over whether they will breeze through or not on the grounds that the assessment taker has just experienced the procedure and comprehends what works and what doesn't work.</p><p></p><p>This will permit you to be increasingly sure about your composition and not stress over a portion of the harder circumstances that a few understudies end up in. These examples likewise permit you to take a shot at an assortment of subjects and you will find that you can write in an assortment of ways. Rather than expounding on one subject, you can expound on a few subjects or you can pick one point to cover and work on all parts of it.</p><p></p><p>Once you realize how to utilize these diverse exposition structures, you will like wise rest easy thinking about yourself and be progressively certain about responding to questions when they are inquired. You will likewise have the option to compose well and give off an impression of being progressively cleaned. You will at that point have the option to make yourself progressively attractive and you will have the option to get past the affirmations procedure quicker.</p><p></p><p>You won't need to hold on to utilize these objectives for accomplishment in school tests for this and some other reason. When you figure out how to utilize them, you will find that they are actually very valuable and will help you through any troublesome circumstance. When you are finished with the first, you will have the option to keep utilizing different tips and you will have the option to chip away at school papers all through your secondary school years.</p>

How to Put a Citation in a Research Paper Help!

<h1> How to Put a Citation in a Research Paper Help! </h1> <p>Although summarizing can be very valuable in lessening cases of copyright infringement, journalists despite everything should hold fast to the guidelines of reference and referencing cautiously. In case you're summarizing, you don't need to include citations. On occasion, you would should be brief with your statements. </p> <p>The reference will uncover the reference of the territory. All absolute first Footnote references must be refered to in full. Try not to utilize references for references. Try not to utilize references inside this class for references. </p> <p>Place an abbreviated form of the title of the activity in enclosure notwithstanding the page number in the event that you didn't specify it prior. These pages offer you a couple of inquiries to reply, at that point empower you to press a catch to get an individual works-refered to passage. A great part of the information you should make a print book reference are accessible on the cover sheet. A great part of the data you ought to make a section in a print book reference are accessible on the cover sheet. </p> <p>The positions gave here are run of the mill, however may fluctuate in different distributions dependent on their particular necessities and practices. Ordinarily, pictures replicated from various source s shouldn't be utilized without authorizations in distributions or for mechanical purposes. Regularly, a particular organizing style is utilized for a particular subject matter. Try not to rehash exactly the same information in particular tables. </p> <h2> How to Find How to Put a Citation in a Research Paper Online </h2> <p>Correct all mistakes you could spot and improve the general bore of the paper as well as could be expected. A reference that doesn't gracefully the base entirety of data is regarded deficient. Just comprise of data regarding the matter of the arrangement in sections in the occasion the site is an unmistakable kind of record, similar to a PDF. On the off chance that you're permitted to choose a reference style, at that point once you've settled on your choice, make sure to keep the specific style all through the paper. </p> <h2> How to Put a Citation in a Research Paper Ideas</h2> <p>The unordinary image will guaran tee it is easy for you to find the particular area once more. There are news locales, sports, research, shopping, and various different kinds of destinations. Along these lines, for example, in the event that I in test sigchi.</p> <p>After finding our site, you will no longer should trouble loved ones with these sorts of solicitations. In every circumstance, you ought to give enough data to permit the peruser see how to get to the data electronically. Normal information doesn't have to get referenced, and you'll have the option to expect that any peruser is genuinely educated in regards to the field.</p> <p>If you're a secondary school or undergrad, at that point there will totally be a period when you get yourself capable in which you need to refer to an exploration paper, exposition, commented on catalog and so on.. In the event that you use class takes note of, a few instructors are not that stressed over references, in spite of the fact that it's typically awesome practice to find a source saying exactly the same information, from a course reading or diary. Similarly as football officials dress a specific way, and Japanese culinary specialists cook a specific way, journalists in some part icular controls follow a specific arrangement of shows. Understudies have occupied existences and much of the time disregard a coming cutoff time. </p> <p>Don't leave from your statement hanging! The rundown incorporates precisely the same running head as the essential content. Generally speaking, the site is really useful, yet it takes a brief period and expertise to explore. Give a reference to the work when conceivable in the wake of giving the info.</p> <p>When you present your paper, make sure to keep a protected duplicate. A sublime layout is effectively the most pivotal advance recorded as a hard copy an incredible paper. In addition, cites are added to give additional bits of knowledge to the subject of the paper. Try not to top off your paper with a lot of statements! </p> <p>For that reason, it's obviously better follow quote altering rules like including sections or circles. There are heaps of reference groups. Try not to utilize the sp ecific language on the off chance that you don't put quotes around the substance. Accentuation marks are fundamental when it respects the reference. </p>

How to Make Blueprint Paper

Blueprint paper is a specially-coated paper that turns blue where it is exposed to light, while areas kept in the dark remain white. Blueprints were one of the first ways to make copies of plans or drawings. Heres how to make blueprint paper yourself. Blueprint Paper Materials 15 mL of 10% potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) (potassium ferricyanide)15 mL of 10% iron(III) ammonium citrate solutionPetri dishWhitepaperTongs or small paintbrushSmall opaque object (e.g., coin, leaf, key) Make Blueprint Paper In a very dim room or in the dark: pour the potassium ferricyanide and iron(III) ammonium citrate solutions together into a petri dish. Stir the solution to mix it.Use tongs to drag a sheet of paper across the top of the mixture or else paint the solution onto the paper using a paintbrush.Allow the sheet of blueprint paper to dry, coated side up, in the dark. To keep the paper from being exposed to light and to keep it flat as it dries, it may help to set the wet sheet of paper on a larger piece of cardboard and cover it with another piece of cardboard.When you are ready to capture the image, uncover the top of the paper and overlay an ink drawing on clear plastic or tracing paper or else simply set an opaque object on the blueprint paper, such as a coin or key.Now expose the blueprint paper to direct sunlight. Remember: for this to work the paper must have remained in the dark until this point! If its windy you may need to weigh down the paper to keep the object in place.Allow the p aper to develop in the sunlight for about 20 minutes, then cover the paper and return to the darkened room.Thoroughly rinse the blueprint paper under cold running water. Its fine to have the lights on. If you do not rinse away any unreacted chemicals, the paper will darken over time and ruin the image. However, if all the excess chemicals are rinsed away, youll be left with a permanent colorfast image of your object or design.Allow the paper to dry. Cleanup and Safety The materials for making a blueprint (cyanotype) paper are safe to work with, but its a good idea to wear gloves since youll be working in the dark and might otherwise cyanotype your hands (turn them temporarily blue). Also, dont drink the chemicals. They are not particularly toxic, but they are not food. Wash your hands when you are done with this project.

How to Write a Winning Science Essay Topic

<h1>How to Write a Winning Science Essay Topic</h1><p>An perfect exposition is the one that will place you in the ideal situation for admission to top colleges and schools. One method of doing this is by composing acceptable Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) papers. It doesn't make a difference in the event that you need to go into a building program or some other degree program, it is in every case great to be clear about what sort of program you need to get into.</p><p></p><p>There are a lot of materials that can assist you with composing a convincing exposition for a SI test or to be qualified for a science, innovation, designing or arithmetic degree. For example, you should think about utilizing web based showing assets, for example, e-course books, online instructional exercises and online labs. You may likewise consider utilizing a SAT math test planning guide or a kind of reproduced practice test that is made expl icitly for your course.</p><p></p><p>The thing is, despite the fact that you have every one of these assets, there are still things that you have to know so as to be certain that you remember to remember the absolute most significant components for your paper. One of the most significant things is to realize what points will really intrigue your perusers. Obviously, they don't imply that you have to incorporate each and every subject that you could think of. In any case, on the off chance that you remember the four characteristic science exposition subjects, you will wind up with an article that will without a doubt dazzle your school confirmations committee.</p><p></p><p>First of all, science is the investigation of nature and it is somewhat difficult to expound on nature. Individuals who do science will in general observe the characteristic world in an unexpected way. In this way, ensure you make them intrigue models in the course th at will draw in the consideration of your perusers. Remember to make reference to the strange and magnificent occasions throughout your life, yet rather notice the significant revelations that you made.</p><p></p><p>Next, regardless of whether you are an understudy of material science or science, you will in any case need to have solid numerical aptitudes so as to talk about the procedures that occur when various gases communicate. The procedure will be additionally examined by including dynamical frameworks and thermodynamics. Remember to stress the physical properties of the particles you will use in your examples.</p><p></p><p>Last, on the off chance that you need to get admission to top colleges and schools, a standout amongst other article subjects that you can compose is one that clarifies the historical backdrop of the universe. Truth be told, you will expound on the Big Bang Theory and how it can clarify the birthplaces of the universe. Simply ensure that you remember the enormous detonation for the conversation of the beginnings of the universe.</p><p></p><p>To sum up, you have to recognize what sorts of themes you will have the option to expound on and you have to locate the correct kinds of material that you can use to develop a decent article. There are a lot of assets that you can use to get a few thoughts on the best way to go about it. Remember that as long as you study the four common science exposition subjects, you will wind up with an astonishing paper that will land you an incredible school admission.</p>

React Writing Custom Hooks For Blog Posts

<h1>React Writing Custom Hooks For Blog Posts</h1><p>There are heaps of ways you can respond composing custom snares for your site. At the point when you make custom snares, you allow your guests to leave a remark for an item or service.</p><p></p><p>If you run a blog website, the most widely recognized spot that you'll need to embed snares is in the mark line of each post. The header of the blog and the footer of the website ought to consistently be shown at the highest point of the page. On the off chance that your blog depends on photographs, you should give the snares that a guest could include in the wake of clicking a photo.</p><p></p><p>Custom remarks are the other incredible approach to have many individuals responding to a blog entry. Numerous guests to a blog website will leave a remark in light of a post. Once in a while they will leave a remark legitimately because of your post. Different occasions they'll leave a remark and snap the post button on your post to leave a comment.</p><p></p><p>If you need to exploit this, you have to respond composing custom snares for blog entries on your blog. Most web journals can permit guests to post remarks. On the off chance that you need to do this, you should add the snares to the front page.</p><p></p><p>You ought to likewise add the snares to the sidebar of the blog. This is with the goal that guests will discover them simpler to read.</p><p></p><p>More's online are presently worried about security. Numerous individuals imagine that they shouldn't be approached to give their email address to see their own subtleties when they are on the web. At the point when you compose custom snares for blogging, you can furnish the guest with a select in structure that permits them to follow your blog and the subtleties they entered in the form.</p><p></p><p>Ther e are a few online journals that permit you to consequently include youropt-in structure, on the off chance that you do exclude it when you compose your post. Be that as it may, in the event that you do add the snare to your blog, you can check it in consequently and you'll never pass up on the opportunity to utilize this to guarantee your guests are leaving a remark when they see your blog.</p>

Kids, Work and Closing Paragraph in Career Goal Essay Samples

<h1> Kids, Work and Closing Paragraph in Career Goal Essay Samples </h1> <h2>Closing Paragraph in Career Goal Essay Samples - the Story </h2> <p>If your enthusiasm is getting the chance to be an instructor since you really thoroughly enjoy offering your insight to various people, don't spare a moment to share it in your article. Afterward, you'll likewise require this bit of writing to publicize yourself to imminent selection representatives. You can likewise locate a one-page vocation objectives article model which will assist you with setting your tentative arrangements and characterize what things to hope for. For prewriting, start with two or three nuts and bolts like characterizing your dream occupation or expounding on your last vocation objective. </p> <p>When experts do the composition, you can be certain that you will get the ideal guide on the off chance that you need to form your piece. Our essayists lead a comprehensive examination into ideas to make dependable substance in every one of their articles. That is the explanation we have gathered a gathering of experienced authors who give valuable guidance on the best way to form magnificent pieces. </p> <p>More than that, it's a tedious procedure which requests to get amazing composing aptitudes. In the event that you wish to convey first class pieces, it's the opportune time to discover wellwritten tests to guide you through the whole creative cycle. Accordingly, should you feel incredulous with respect to a composition, don't be terrified. To get article on the web, you basically should fill in the application structure and you'll get predominant work on the ideal topic.</p> <h2>The Key to Successful Closing Paragraph in Career Goal Essay Samples </h2> <p>Most business college applications will demand that you think about your profession targets. Instruction is once in a while occurring underneath the bearing of teachers. Secondary school isn't free in Kenya. Business colleges might want to know how you are going to improve the organization world once you leave their grounds and what your extraordinary imprint will be. </p> <p>Pick a profe ssion field you're keen on. One's profession should suit the motivation behind somebody's life and enthusiasm other than depending on one's most prominent aptitudes. While everyone's profession way is one of a kind, there are various prospects to advance in any zone, so show that you're mindful of them. Definitely, you may pick vocation way in any field at which you can and wish to work, anyway it's crucial that you comprehend which profession way can assist you with accomplishing self-acknowledgment. </p> <p>Whatever you pick, don't waiver. 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4 Research Paper Topics That Are Innovative

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The Truth About Business Research Paper Writing

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Speech By Mary Fisher Speech - 1164 Words

â€Å"Two hundred thousand Americans are dead or dying. A million more are infected. Worldwide, forty million, sixty million, or a hundred million infections will be counted in the coming years† (American Rhetoric: Mary Fisher -- 1992 Republican National Convention Address). Mary Fisher, who is a Political activist, delivers a speech on August 19, 1992 at the Republican National Convention that addresses the matter of the Aids epidemic that is going on in the country. She became a spokesperson for HIV and Aids when she contracted the virus from her second husband in 1991. From the moment that when the virus had affected herself and her family; in fact, Fisher has been more determined to prevent the spread of Aids and to assist others to be†¦show more content†¦What Fisher is trying to imply by this statement is that no matter what race, gender, or even age a person is, they can still contract the disease. In this case, the baby, who is in the hospital, may have gotten the virus by the mother who may have passed the disease on to him. Another example, is from a section in the anecdote that Fisher states that though â€Å" I am female and contracted this disease in marriage [...], she is still associated with the â€Å" lonely gay man sheltering a flickering candle† in the dark, cold wind and also that â€Å"this is not a distant threat† (American Rhetoric: Mary Fisher -- 1992 Republican National Convention Address). Fisher is explaining how people who come from different backgrounds, or are different in age or gender, can still contract the disease because this threat can join the differences together (Fisher â€Å"A Whisper of Aids†). By using her affecting pathos, Fisher may leave an impact on other peoples lives. Another way Fisher aims to achieve the attention of her spectators is by the use of a fascinating and intelligent rhetorical question. The question that she states is â€Å"are you human, [...] are you human?† (American Rhetoric: Mary Fisher -- 1992 Republican National Convention Address). Fisher placed this question into her speech because people who have HIV are usually acted towards as if they â€Å"entered some alien state of being† (American Rhetoric: Mary Fisher -- 1992 Republican National Convention Address). ForShow MoreRelatedMary Fisher s Speech : A Whisper Of Aids886 Words   |  4 PagesMary Fisher’s speech entitled â€Å"A Whisper of Aids,† is an appeal to the emotional and political moods of the Republican National Conference on August 19, 1992. In this speech she talks about her disease, but unlike most people, who become depressed when they learn about contracting the disease, Mary Fisher stands up and fights for everyone who has AIDS as w ell as bringing the statics of HIV and AIDS to light. Mary Fisher’s speech can be analyzed from three different standpoints: structure, deliveryRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Fisher Speech Whisper Of Aids 1018 Words   |  5 PagesMy name is Cindy Laguerre and today I would like to write on Mary Fisher speech titled â€Å"Whisper of AIDS†. First I would like to give brief background information on Mary Fisher. Known as an artist, author, advocate, and founder of family AIDS network. As an AIDS patient herself while working for the Republican Party, she delivered her speech in 1992 in front of the whole nation. During that same year, she funded the family AIDS network. Throughout the years, she was committed to work with AIDSRead MoreAnalysis Of A Whisper Of Aids By Mary Fisher1083 Words   |  5 Pagesvirus. Mary Fisher was one of a few individuals that accepted the cruelty of the virus, only by accepting what HIV is, she was then able to challenge the virus. In order to awaken the society about the reality of AIDS, Mary Fisher’s speech, â€Å"A Whisper of AIDS† would send a message of challenge towards the virus and a sense of unity for humans. By balancing three different persuasive appeals: ethos, logos and pathos, Fisher would be able to connect to a variety of audience. The message that Fisher wantedRead MoreSummary Of A Whisper Of Aids By Mary Fisher1077 Words   |  5 PagesAIDS† by Activist Mary Fisher, she speaks out against people who discriminate against others diagnosed with AIDS. She presents this speech to educate others about how to prevent AIDS. In 1992, AIDS was a worldwide epidemic that affect millions of people. Over 202,520 people were affected between 1988-1992. Most people believed AIDS/HIV was a disease for prostitutes and intravenous drug abusers due to misconceptions. Mary uses repetition, diction, and rhetorical questions in her speech to emphasize howRead MoreAn Analysis of the Speech A Whisper of AIDS825 Words   |  3 PagesA Whisper of AIDS (MLA Citation) On August 18 1992, Mary Fisher delivered the Republican National Convention Address in Houston Texas, and with her speech entitled A Whisper of AIDS, she entered the record books for one of the top 100 most influential speeches of the 20th century. Mary Fisher was a wife, mother, Republican, and was HIV positive; and her speech brought the realities of the AIDS epidemic directly to the people in the audience. And the people in the audience were those who feltRead MoreA Whisper Of Aids : A Neo Aristotelian Criticism920 Words   |  4 PagesAdvance Speech A Whisper of AIDS: A Neo-Aristotelian Criticism In this paper, I will dispute that in Mary Fisher s A Whisper of Aids speech, the use of pathos and ethos assists in her demand to end the ignorance, prejudice and silence surrounding HIV/AIDS. I will discuss how she replaces the face of AIDS with her own, allowing the conservative crowd to connect with HIV/AIDS. Moreover, Fisher approaches the speech as an epidemic speech; by heavily relying on ethos and pathos she created compassionRead MoreThe First Official Documentation Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome927 Words   |  4 Pages1980’s, a woman by the name of Mary Fisher gave a speech, 1922 Republican National Convention Address. She gave this speech for the purpose of informing the world she had been diagnosed with Aids and the disease should not be ignored and that this disease does not discriminate. In her speech, she wanted everyone to realize the importance of knowing about this disease and people that have it should not keep it a secret, it shouldn t be hidden . In addition, in her speech she talks directly to her audienceRead MoreMary Fisher: the Struggle to Inform1223 Words   |  5 PagesMary Fisher: The Struggle to Inform Demetris Vance ITT Technical Institute (Online Division) â€Å"A life lived in fear, Is a life half lived.† (Slaughter, 2010) AIDS is a worldwide epidemic that has affected and is affecting millions of people. Even though it was not discovered until 1982 many stereotypes have come along with it. Mary Fisher is an AIDS community member and is not afraid to stand up and say so. Defending and helping those with HIV/AIDS and helping them spread the word instead ofRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Fisher A Whisper Of Aids1190 Words   |  5 Pagesthe viruses of HIV and AIDS have been silenced for far too long. It is time to speak out. In Mary Fisher’s speech â€Å"A Whisper of AIDS† she helps her audience to understand that the topic of HIV and AIDS should no longer be silenced. Fisher stood before an audience of her peers and used many forms of persuasion available to her in order to evoke a positive significant response from her audience. Mary Fisher was born in Louisville, Kentucky on April 6, 1948. She spent her early years in a first marriageRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Fishers Speech : A Whisper Of Aids1059 Words   |  5 PagesOn August 19, 1992 in Houston, Texas people gathered to hear Mary Fisher give her speech â€Å"A Whisper of Aids† at the Republican National Convention. The purpose of her speech was to raise awareness for HIV and AIDS and to make people speak up about it, â€Å"I asked the Republican Party to lift the shroud of silence to an end† (1). Fisher’s audience was anyone who would and could make a difference. Anyone who would speak up and not be silent on this issue. Someone who would bring awareness of HIV and AIDS

Intel Competitive Challenges free essay sample

The Hypercompetitive Environment of the Chip Industry The fundamental nature of competition in many of the world’s industries is changing. The pace of this change is relentless and is increasing. Conventional sources of competitive advantage such as economies of scale and huge advertising budgets are not as effective as they once were. Moreover, the traditional managerial mind-set is unlikely to lead a firm to strategic competitiveness. Managers must adopt a new mind-set that values flexibility, speed, innovation, integration, and the challenges that evolve from constantly changing conditions. The conditions of the competitive landscape result in a perilous business world, one where the investments required to compete on a global scale are enormous and the consequences of failure are severe. The chip industry is intensely competitive, particularly between the two largest chip manufacturers Intel (who holds the industrys top position and sets desktop processor standards) and AMD (who is beginning to successfully challenge Intels leadership position). Contracts with major computer manufacturers and other significant customers can cause an immediate swing in the chip makers market shares. Growing demand for electronics and rapid technological advancements characterize this industry that obliterates the company that stands still. Hypercompetition describes the realities of the competitive landscape for semiconductor producers. In this industry, the notion of market stability is replaced by an assumption of inherent instability and change. Hypercompetition results from the dynamics of constant strategic maneuvering among innovative, global combatants. Rapidly escalating competition results from price-quality positioning, the frantic race to beat competitors to the market with innovative products and technology to establish a first-mover advantage (however short-lived it might be), and competition to protect or invade established product or geographic markets. In the chip industry, competitors are aggressively challenging each other in the hopes of improving their competitive position and ultimately their performance. Several factors create hypercompetitive environments and influence the nature of the current competitive landscape. The two primary drivers are the emergence of a global economy and technology, specifically rapid technological change. II. Technology Diffusion and Disruptive Technologies Rapid technological change is significantly altering the nature of competition and contributing to unstable competitive environments as a result of doing so. The rate of technology diffusion the speed at which new technologies become available and are used has increased substantially over the past 15 to 20 years. Perpetual innovation describes how rapidly and consistently new, information-intensive technologies replace previous ones. Shorter product life cycles result from these rapid diffusions of new technologies. Therefore, a competitive premium is placed on the ability to quickly introduce new, innovative goods and services into the marketplace. In fact, when products become somewhat indistinguishable because of the widespread and rapid diffusion of technologies, speed to market with innovative products may be the primary source of competitive advantage. An indicator of constant innovation and rapid technology diffusion is that it now may take only 12 to 18 months for firms to gather information about their competitors’ research and development and product decisions. In the global economy, competitors can sometimes imitate a firm’s successful competitive actions within a few days. Once a source of competitive advantage, the protection firms previously possessed through their patents has been stifled by the current rate of technological diffusion. Indeed, many firms competing in the electronics industry no longer apply for patents to prevent competitors from gaining access to technological knowledge. Disruptive technologies that destroy the value of an existing technology and create new markets surface frequently in today’s competitive markets. These types of products represent radical or breakthrough innovations and can seriously harm industry incumbents or create essentially new industries altogether. Some incumbents, though, are able to adapt based on their superior resources, experience, and ability to gain access to the new technology through multiple sources (e. g. , alliances, acquisitions, and ongoing internal research). One certainty does exist when a disruptive technology creates a new industry, competitors will follow. Competitive rivalry is the ongoing set of competitive actions and competitive responses that occur among firms as they maneuver for an advantageous market position. Especially in highly competitive industries, firms constantly jockey for advantage as they launch strategic actions and respond or react to rivals’ moves. It is important to understand industry-specific competitive rivalry because it influences the companys ability to gain and sustain a competitive advantage. Due to competitive conditions in the semiconductor industry, Intel and AMD closely monitor quarterly changes in their market shares. They engage in price wars and new product development to keep each other from eating away at their shares and to win back lost share. While new products introduce enhanced features, their appeal to the market is measured by ever-increasing processor speeds and improvements to energy consumption. Because of the competitive intensity, Intel employs aggressive exclusionary discounting practices, while AMD is pursuing antitrust investigations and legal remedies for what it calls monopolistic competitive behavior. Competitive behavior is the set of competitive actions and competitive responses taken to build or defend the companys competitive advantage and to improve its market position. Through competitive behavior, the company tries to successfully position itself relative to the five forces of competition and to defend current competitive advantages while building advantages for the future. Increasingly, this takes place in more than one market. Firms competing against each other in several product or geographic markets are engaged in multimarket competition. All competitive behavior (the total set of actions and responses taken by all firms competing within a market) is called competitive dynamics. A strategy’s success is determined not only by the company’s initial competitive actions, but also by how well it anticipates competitors’ responses to them and by how well the firm anticipates and responds to its competitors’ initial actions (attacks). Actions and responses to those of rivals are the basic building block of business-level strategies what the company does to successfully use its competitive advantages in specific product markets. The pattern of actions and responses between AMD and Intel shows that the firms are mutually interdependent, that they feel each other’s actions and responses, and that marketplace success is a function of both individual strategies and the consequences of their use. Competitive rivalry can have a major and direct effect on the firm’s financial performance, and intensified rivalry within an industry results in decreased average profitability for both firms. A straightforward model of competitive rivalry can be used to predict competitors’ behavior (actions and responses) and reduce the uncertainty associated with their actions. Competitor analysis is the first step the firm takes to be able to predict the extent and nature of its rivalry with each competitor operating in the same market, offering similar products, and targeting similar customers. The number of markets in which firms compete against each other (called market commonality, defined below) and the similarity in their resources (called resource similarity, also defined in the following section) determine the extent to which firms are competitors. Firms with high market commonality and highly similar resources are direct and mutually acknowledged competitors. Market commonality and resource similarity are the building blocks of a competitor analysis. Market Commonality is the number of markets with which the firm and a competitor are jointly involved and the degree of importance of the individual markets to each. When firms compete in several markets, they have the potential to respond to a competitor’s actions not only within the market in which the actions are taken, but also in other markets where they compete with the rival. This potential creates a complicated competitive mosaic in which the moves an organization makes in one market are designed to achieve goals in another market in ways that aren’t immediately apparent to the rival. This potential complicates the rivalry between competitors. From a perspective of predicting behavior, firms with greater multimarket contact are less likely to initiate an attack, but more likely to move (respond) aggressively when attacked. Although multimarket competition generally reduces competitive rivalry, such does not appear to be the case between Intel and AMD. Their common markets include: Microprocessor, †¢ Commercial and Consumer Embedded Processor, †¢ Graphics and Chipsets, and †¢ Consumer Electronics. In other words, AMD competes with Intel in each of its business divisions: Computational Products, Personal Connectivity Solutions, and Memory Products (Flash Memory Devices). Resource Similarity is the extent to which the company’s tangible and intangible resources are comparable to a competitor’s in terms of both type and amount. Firms with similar types and amounts of resources are likely to have similar strengths and weaknesses and use similar strategies. From AMDs perspective, Intel has dominated the market for microprocessors for many years. Intel’s market power and significant financial resources enable it to market its products aggressively, to target AMD customers and channel partners with special incentives, and to discipline customers who do business with AMD. These aggressive activities have resulted in lower unit sales and average selling prices, adversely affecting industry margins and profitability. As long as Intel remains in a dominant position, AMD may be materially adversely affected by Intel’s: business practices, including rebating, and allocation strategies and pricing actions, designed to limit AMDs market share, †¢ product mix and introduction schedules, †¢ product bundling, marketing and merchandising strategies, †¢ exclusivity payments to its current and potential customers, †¢ control over industry standards, PC manufacturers and other PC industry participants (such as suppliers and software companies), and †¢ marketing and advertising expenditures to position the Intel brand over the brands of its OEM customers. Intel exerts substantial influence over computer manufacturers and their channels of distribution through various brand and marketing programs. Because of its dominant position in the microprocessor market, Intel has been able to control x86 microprocessor and computer system standards and to dictate the type of products the microprocessor market requires of Intel’s competitors. Intel also dominates the computer system platform, which includes core logic chipsets, graphics chips, motherboards and other components necessary to assemble a computer system. As a result, OEMs that purchase microprocessors for computer systems are highly dependent on Intel, less innovative on their own and, to a large extent, are distributors of Intel technology. Additionally, Intel is able to drive de facto standards for x86 microprocessors that could cause delayed access to such standards. Intel is expected to maintain its dominant position in the microprocessor market and to continue to invest heavily in marketing, research and development, new manufacturing facilities and other technology companies. Intel has substantially greater financial resources than AMD and accordingly spends substantially greater amounts on research and development and production capacity. It preserves core competencies in the design and manufacture of integrated circuits, a global presence, and strong brand recognition. With these resources to draw from, intense competition from Intel is expected to continue. Overcapacity in the industry and demand that falls short of expectations could lead to the under-utilization of microprocessor manufacturing facilities. Both AMD and Intel have added significant capacity in recent years, both by expanding capacity at wafer fabrication facilities and by transitioning to more advanced manufacturing technologies. And further expansion plans are in the works. In the past, capacity additions sometimes exceeded demand requirements leading to oversupply situations and downturns in the industry. Fluctuations in the growth rate of industry capacity relative to the growth rate in demand for products contribute to cyclicality in the semiconductor market, which may in the future put additional pressure on average selling prices. Despite Intels resource advantage, AMD does have a strong research and development focus on product design and system and manufacturing process development. The company has been particularly dedicated to delivering the next generation of microprocessors with improved system performance and performance-per-watt characteristics and has devoted significant resources to product design and improved manufacturing process technologies (and plans to continue to do so in the future). To stretch it resources, AMD also works with other industry leaders, public foundations, universities and industry consortia to conduct early stage research and development. With respect to graphics and chipset products for consumer electronics devices, AMDs primary RD objective is to develop products and technologies that meet the rapidly-changing demands of the PC and consumer electronics industries on a timely basis so as to meet market windows. The company focuses on delivering a range of integrated platforms to serve key markets to bring customers improved system stability, better time-to-market and increased performance and energy efficiency. Longer-term RD is focused on developing monolithic silicon solutions for specialized uses that are comprised of microprocessors, graphics processors and video processors. Its research and development expenses for 2006, 2005, and 2004 were $1,205 million, $1,144 million and $934 million, respectively. In 2006, AMD opened a new RD facility in Shanghai, China and a new advanced microprocessor development facility in Colorado. AMD makes substantial investments in research and development for process technologies in an effort to design and manufacture leading-edge microprocessors. It conducts microprocessor manufacturing process development activities primarily through a joint technology development agreement with IBM, which includes laboratory-based research of emerging technologies. Their joint development projects incorporate a network of partners, giving AMD access to extended resources to remain competitive. Market commonality and resource similarity influence the drivers of competitive behavior (awareness, motivation, and ability) that constitute competitive rivalry. In this case, all drivers of competitive behavior are high. AMD and Intel are clearly direct competitors, and they openly recognize the degree of their mutual interdependence. †¢ Awareness affects the extent to which the firms understand the consequences of their competitive actions and responses. Motivation (which concerns the incentive to take action or to respond to competitor attacks) relates to perceived gains and losses. [Again, high stakes are involved in trying to gain a more advantageous position over a rival with whom the firm shares many markets. And, the probability is high that an attacked firm (Intel) will respond to its competitors (AMDs) actions in an effort to protect its p osition in each market. ] †¢ Ability relates to each firm’s resources and the flexibility that they provide for competitive action. Resource dissimilarity also influences competitive actions and responses between firms, in that the greater the resource imbalance between competitors, the greater will be the delay in response by the firm with a resource disadvantage. However, even when facing competitors with greater resources (hence, abilities) or more attractive market positions, firms should eventually respond, no matter how daunting the task seems. Choosing not to respond can ultimately result in failure. Competitive actions and responses can be either strategic or tactical. A strategic action or a strategic response is a market-based move that involves a significant commitment of organizational resources and is difficult to implement and reverse. On the other hand, a tactical action or a tactical response is a market-based move that is taken to fine-tune a strategy; it involves fewer resources and is relatively easy to implement and reverse. Pricing decisions are easily-reversed tactical actions that are often taken to increase demand in certain markets during certain periods. It is important to carefully study competitive rivalry between Intel and AMD to select and implement a successful competitive strategy. Understanding Intels awareness, motivation, and ability helps AMD to predict the likelihood of an attack and the probability that Intel will respond to actions taken against it. Competitive behavior between AMD and Intel can be predicted by examining the factors that affect the likelihood a firm will take a competitive action and the factors that affect the likelihood a firm will respond to a competitor’s action. Factors that affect the likelihood a competitor will use strategic actions and tactical actions to attack its competitors include first mover incentives, organizational size, and quality. A first mover is a firm that takes an initial competitive action in order to build or defend its competitive advantages or to improve its market position. Sustaining a competitive advantage for any length of time can be difficult for companies in the semiconductor industry, which is characterized by rapid technological developments and relatively short product life cycles. In this hypercompetitive, the benefits of being a successful first mover can be substantial. First movers can gain (1) the loyalty of customers who become committed to the products of the company who first makes them available, and (2) market share that can be difficult for competitors to take during future competitive rivalry. To be a first mover, the firm must have readily available the resources for significant RD investments to rapidly and successfully produce and market a stream of innovative products. Available resources, or organizational slack, provide the ability for firms to be first movers. As a liquid resource, slack can quickly be allocated to support competitive actions, such as RD investments and aggressive marketing campaigns that lead to first-mover advantages. The relationship between slack and the ability to be a first mover allows AMD to predict that Intel (who is a first mover) likely has available slack and will probably take aggressive competitive actions to continuously introduce innovative products. Furthermore, it can predict that Intel will try to rapidly gain market share and customer loyalty in order to earn above-average returns until AMD is able to effectively respond to its first move. A second mover responds to the first mover’s competitive actions. Often, successful imitation of the first mover’s innovations allows the second mover to avoid both the mistakes and the huge spending of the pioneers. Second movers also have the time to develop processes and technologies that are more efficient than those used by the first mover or that create additional value for consumers. AMDs product introductions have always followed carefully behind Intels, until the arrival of Athlon, which turned the tables on Intel and gave AMD a first mover advantage. Delivered with the added punch of securing a large position in the high-end server industry (with its Opteron chips), AMD might conclude that Intel will take aggressive strategic actions to regain a first movers’ advantage. An organization’s size also affects the likelihood of competitive actions, as well as the types and timing of those actions. In general, small firms (perceived as more nimble and flexible) are more likely than large companies to launch competitive actions, and they tend to do it more quickly. Relying on speed and surprise to defend their competitive advantages or develop new ones, small firms can gain an advantageous market position through a greater variety of competitive actions. Although large firms tend to limit the types of competitive actions used, they are likely to initiate more competitive actions, along with more strategic actions, during a given period due to available slack resources. The competitive actions the firm likely will encounter from larger competitors will be different from the competitive actions it will encounter from smaller competitors. Depending on a limited number or types of competitive actions (which is the large firm’s tendency) can lead to reduced competitive success across time, partly because competitors learn how to effectively respond to the predictable. In contrast, remaining flexible and nimble (which is the small firm’s tendency) in order to develop and use a wide variety of unique competitive actions contributes to success against rivals. From a strategic perspective, quality (which is the outcome of how the firm completes its primary and support activities) exists when a companys products meet or exceed customers’ expectations. Quality is extremely critical to satisfying customers or doing the right things relative to performance measures that are important to them. Because quality affects competitive rivalry, AMD should watch for any quality problems that might emerge at Intel. It can predict that Intel would not likely be aggressive in its competitive actions so long as quality problems require managements attention. However, after the problems are corrected, Intel would be likely to take more aggressive competitive actions to recover credibility with customers. The success of AMD’s competitive actions will also be affected by the likelihood, type, and effectiveness of Intel responses. Intel will be more likely to respond when (1) AMDs action leads to better use of its capabilities to gain a competitive advantage or an improved market position, (2) the action damages Intel’s ability to use its capabilities to create or maintain an advantage, or (3) Intel’s market position becomes less defensible. In addition to market commonality and resource similarity and awareness, motivation, and ability, understanding three additional factors (type of competitive action, reputation, and market dependence) will help AMD to predict the likelihood of a competitive response from Intel. Competitive responses to strategic actions differ from responses to tactical actions. In general, strategic actions receive strategic responses and tactical actions receive tactical responses, and strategic actions elicit fewer total competitive responses. This is because strategic responses, such as market-based moves, involve a significant commitment of resources and are difficult to implement and reverse. The time needed to implement a strategic action and to assess its effectiveness can delay the competitor’s response to that action. In contrast, Intel is likely to respond quickly to tactical actions, such as immediately matching price reductions. Also, actions that target a large number of customers are likely to elicit strong responses. If the effects of AMDs strategic action on Intel are significant (as many recent actions have been), response is likely to be swift and strong. Intel has a reputation for vigorously defending its market position, and past behavior is very likely a predictor of the competitors future behavior. High market dependence, or the extent to which Intel’s revenues or profits are derived from each market, is also an indicator of a likely response to AMD actions that threaten its market position. Generally, products in the IC industry compete on product quality, power consumption, reliability, speed, size (or form factor), cost, selling price, adherence to industry standards, software and hardware compatibility and stability, brand recognition, timely product introductions and availability. Technological advances in the industry result in frequent product introductions, regular price reductions, short product life cycles and increased product capabilities that may result in significant performance improvements. AMDs ability to compete depends on its ability to develop, introduce and sell new products or enhanced versions of existing products on a timely basis and at competitive prices, while reducing manufacturing costs. The realities of competition in the semiconductor industry suggest that to be market leaders, companies must regularly develop innovative products desired by customers. Firms failing to innovate will stagnate. This means that innovation should be an intrinsic part of virtually all of a firm’s activities. In the words of AMDs CEO: The success of our business is dependent upon our ability to introduce products on a timely basis with required features and performance levels that provide value to our customers and support and coincide with significant industry transitions. AMDs success depends on the development, qualification, implementation and acceptance of new product designs and improvements that provide value to customers. Its ability to develop and qualify new products and related technologies to meet evolving industry requirements, at acceptable prices and on a timely basis are significant factors in determining competitiveness in its target markets. Three types of innovat ive activity can contribute to competitive success. Invention is the act of creating or developing a new product or process. Innovation is the process of creating a commercial product from an invention. An invention brings something new into being, while an innovation brings something new into use. Therefore, technical criteria are used to determine the success of an invention, whereas commercial criteria are used to determine the success of an innovation. ) Finally, imitation is the adoption of a similar innovation by a different firm. Imitation usually leads to product or process standardization, and products based on imitation often are offered at lower prices, but without as many features. In fast-cycle markets, capabilities that contribute to competitive advantages are not shielded from imitation. Reverse engineering is commonly used to quickly gain knowledge to imitate and improve upon existing competitor products. The rate of technology diffusion is rapid, inexpensive, and continuous. Firms competing in fast-cycle markets recognize the importance of speed; the costs of hesitation and delay are just as steep as going over budget or missing a financial forecast. High-velocity environments place considerable pressures on top managers to quickly make effective strategic decisions. Indeed, the pace of competition in fast-cycle markets is almost frenzied, as companies rely on innovations as the engines of their growth. Because prices fall quickly in these markets, companies need to profit quickly from their product innovations. In search of fast and effective means of developing new products, it is common for firms to use strategic alliances to gain access to new technologies and thereby develop and introduce more new products into the market. The breadth and depth of resources needed to internally develop sufficient innovations to meet market needs and remain competitive can be enormous. Being open to using external resources to help produce innovations can be beneficial in several ways. First, alliances provide information on new business opportunities and how to exploit them. In addition, firms can align complementary assets with cooperative partner assets aimed at future opportunities for innovation. However, alliances formed for the purpose of innovation are not without risks. In addition to conflict that is natural when firms try to work together to reach a mutual goal, cooperative strategy participants also take a risk that a partner will appropriate a firm’s technology or knowledge and use it to enhance its own competitive abilities. The ideal partnership is one in which the firms have complementary skills as well as compatible strategic goals. However, because companies are operating in a network of firms (and may be participating in multiple alliances simultaneously), managing alliances can be challenging. In established organizations, most innovation comes from efforts in research and development (RD). Two types of internal innovations (incremental and radical innovations) are developed through RD activities. Most innovations are incremental as they build on existing knowledge bases and provide small improvements in the current product lines. Alternatively, radical innovations provide significant technological breakthroughs and create new knowledge. Radical innovations use new technologies to serve newly created markets. Because they establish new functionalities for users, radical innovations have strong potential to lead to significant growth in revenue and profits. Developing new processes is a critical part of producing radical innovations. Both types of innovation can create value, but radical innovations have the potential to contribute more significantly to a firm’s efforts to earn above-average returns. Internal innovation requires an entrepreneurial mind-sets and the integration of knowledge and skills for maximum success. Customer and stakeholder value can be created from internal corporate venturing processes used to develop and commercialize new products. An entrepreneurial mind-set is necessary so that managers and employees will consistently try to identify entrepreneurial opportunities the firm can pursue. The importance of knowledge to identify and exploit opportunities as well as to gain and sustain a competitive advantage suggests that firms must have strong human capital. Social capital is also critical for access to complementary resources from partners in order to compete effectively in domestic and international markets. By developing resources (human and social capital), taking advantage of opportunities in domestic and international markets, and using the resources and knowledge gained in these markets to be innovative, firms can achieve competitive advantages. Without a competitive advantage, the firm’s success will be only temporary. New product development processes can be completed more quickly, and products can be more easily commercialized, with the use of effective cross-functional teams. Cross-functional teams can facilitate efforts to integrate activities associated with innovation across organizational functions. Grouping product development stages into parallel or overlapping processes allows the company to tailor its product development efforts to its unique core competencies and to the needs of the market. Shared values and effective leadership are important for achieving cross-functional integration and implementing innovation. Highly effective shared values should be framed around AMD’s vision and mission. Strategic leaders also facilitate integration and innovation by setting goals, allocating resources, and ensuring high-quality communication to create synergy and gain commitment. They create the culture that promotes integration, unity, and internal innovation. In addition to innovating through alliances and internal efforts, it is common to gain access to new products, capabilities, technologies, and markets through an acquisition strategy. AMDs strategic acquisition of ATI Technologies enhances its ability to deliver customer solutions and alters the landscape of the technology industry.